PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF COMORBIDITY BETWEEN TUBERCULOSIS AND DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

A literature review was conducted to study the pathophysiology of tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus comorbidity. Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus are serious public health problems worldwide, and their prevalence is projected to increase. These conditions are expected to increasingly coexist. Although distinct, they are interrelated and exert a synergistic negative influence on the course of the disease, as well as the progression and outcome of each. The increased risk of developing tuberculosis in patients with diabetes mellitus is associated with the immunosuppressive effect of hyperglycemia, which reduces the body's ability to fight infections. Furthermore, the coexistence of these two pathologies in a patient can significantly complicate their diagnosis.